Los recicladores y su inclusión en las decisiones ambientales públicas brasileñas: un análisis de 10 años de desarrollo de políticas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20435/inter.v25i4.4358Palabras clave:
Estudio de caso, Análisis narrativo, Métodos cualitativos, América LatinaResumen
En la cadena de gestión de residuos, los miembros más frágiles siguen siendo los recolectores. Al estar presentes en diferentes economías, son el resultado de la estratificación social y la falta de oportunidades de empleo. Con el surgimiento de las primeras cooperativas de recicladores en América Latina, el gobierno y la sociedad brasileños dirigieron su atención a un grupo previamente marginado. A través del modelo de Coalición de Defensa, este estudio pretende comprender el papel de las principales coaliciones involucradas en el desarrollo del proceso de toma de decisiones, cómo esto afecta a la sociedad y para los proyectos futuros, cómo insertar la parte social en las decisiones políticas que en ocasiones optan por ideas tecnocráticas. La investigación analizó un proceso de formulación de políticas a lo largo de una década. Se realizaron entrevistas a personas involucradas en la gestión de residuos en una de las principales capitales mundiales en materia de asociacionismo y cooperativismo: Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Las crisis económicas de Brasil en las dos primeras décadas del siglo XXI y el proceso de impeachment que cambió la transferencia de recursos de los programas federales a los recaudadores tuvieron gran influencia en el proceso bajo análisis.
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